Class 12 English Chapter Indigo – Important Questions & Answers

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📘 Indigo – Important Questions & Answers (with Hindi Translation)


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1. Question:

Why did Raj Kumar Shukla come to meet Gandhi?
(राजकुमार शुक्ल गांधी से मिलने क्यों आए थे?)

Answer:
Raj Kumar Shukla came to request Gandhi to visit Champaran and help the oppressed peasants who were forced to grow indigo under unfair conditions.
(राजकुमार शुक्ल गांधी से यह अनुरोध करने आए थे कि वे चंपारण जाकर उन किसानों की मदद करें जिन्हें नीलहे ज़मींदारों द्वारा अन्यायपूर्ण रूप से नील बोने के लिए मजबूर किया जा रहा था।)


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2. Question:

Why did Gandhi agree to go to Champaran?
(गांधी चंपारण जाने के लिए क्यों तैयार हुए?)

Answer:
Gandhi wanted to understand the real problems of peasants and believed he must fight injustice wherever it existed.
(गांधी किसानों की असली समस्याएँ समझना चाहते थे और मानते थे कि जहाँ भी अन्याय हो, उसे मिटाना उनका कर्तव्य है।)


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3. Question:

What was the main problem of Champaran peasants?
(चंपारण के किसानों की मुख्य समस्या क्या थी?)

Answer:
They were forced to grow indigo on 15% of their land and give it to British landlords as rent, leaving them helpless and poor.
(उन्हें अपनी ज़मीन के 15% हिस्से पर नील बोने और पूरी फसल अंग्रेज़ ज़मींदारों को देने के लिए मजबूर किया जाता था, जिससे वे गरीब और असहाय हो गए थे।)


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4. Question:

Why was Gandhi’s readiness to go to jail important?
(गांधी का जेल जाने को तैयार होना क्यों महत्वपूर्ण था?)

Answer:
It showed his fearlessness and moral courage, inspiring peasants to overcome fear and stand against injustice.
(इससे गांधी का साहस और नैतिक शक्ति प्रकट हुई, जिससे किसानों को भी हिम्मत मिली और वे अन्याय के खिलाफ खड़े हुए।)


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5. Question:

How did Gandhi improve social conditions in Champaran?
(गांधी ने चंपारण की सामाजिक स्थिति कैसे सुधारी?)

Answer:
He opened schools, taught hygiene, promoted health care and involved volunteers like Kasturba to uplift villagers.
(उन्होंने स्कूल खोले, स्वच्छता और स्वास्थ्य की शिक्षा दी और कस्तूरबा जैसे स्वयंसेवकों की मदद से गाँव वालों का जीवन सुधारा।)


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6. Question:

What did Gandhi teach through the Champaran movement?
(चंपारण आंदोलन से गांधी ने क्या सिखाया?)

Answer:
He taught the power of truth, non-violence and self-reliance, showing that ordinary people can fight injustice.
(उन्होंने सत्य, अहिंसा और आत्मनिर्भरता की शक्ति सिखाई और दिखाया कि साधारण लोग भी अन्याय के खिलाफ लड़ सकते हैं।)


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7. Question:

How did Champaran encourage people’s faith in Gandhi?
(चंपारण ने लोगों के गांधी पर विश्वास को कैसे बढ़ाया?)

Answer:
The success of the movement proved Gandhi’s leadership and convinced people that non-violent protest could bring real change.
(चंपारण आंदोलन की सफलता ने गांधी के नेतृत्व को सिद्ध किया और लोगों को विश्वास दिलाया कि अहिंसक आंदोलन से वास्तविक बदलाव लाया जा सकता है।)


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📘 Long Questions (50–60 Words Each)

(With Hindi Translation Below)


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Long Question 1:

Why was the Champaran episode a turning point in Gandhiji’s life?
(चंपारण की घटना गांधीजी के जीवन में एक मोड़ क्यों बनी?)

Answer (50–60 words):
The Champaran episode marked Gandhi’s first major victory in India through non-violent civil disobedience. It established him as a national leader and proved that peaceful resistance could defeat injustice. The success strengthened people’s trust in him and transformed peasants’ fear into courage, making it a true turning point in Gandhi’s political and moral journey.

Hindi Translation:
चंपारण गांधीजी की भारत में पहली बड़ी सफल अहिंसक सविनय अवज्ञा थी। इससे वे राष्ट्रीय नेता के रूप में स्थापित हुए और सिद्ध हुआ कि शांतिपूर्ण विरोध से भी अन्याय को हराया जा सकता है। इस सफलता ने जनता का विश्वास बढ़ाया और किसानों के डर को साहस में बदल दिया, इसलिए यह गांधीजी के जीवन में एक महत्वपूर्ण मोड़ साबित हुआ।


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Long Question 2:

What settlement was reached between the English landlords and the sharecroppers? Frame it properly.
(अंग्रेज़ ज़मींदारों और बटाईदार किसानों के बीच क्या समझौता हुआ?)

Answer (50–60 words):
After Gandhi’s efforts, a formal settlement was reached. The British landlords agreed to refund 25% of the illegal money they had taken from peasants. Although the amount was small, it symbolized the end of their tyranny. The landlords’ prestige fell, peasants gained confidence, and it marked the first major victory of Gandhi’s non-violent movement.

Hindi Translation:
गांधी के प्रयासों के बाद एक औपचारिक समझौता हुआ। अंग्रेज़ ज़मींदारों ने किसानों से वसूले गए अवैध धन का 25% लौटाने पर सहमति दी। राशि कम थी, लेकिन यह उनके अत्याचार के अंत का प्रतीक थी। ज़मींदारों की प्रतिष्ठा घटी, किसानों का आत्मविश्वास बढ़ा और गांधी के अहिंसक आंदोलन की यह पहली बड़ी जीत बनी।

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